Arrow keys, direction keys, directional keys, movement keys: Arrow keys are labeled only with an arrow. Refer to similar keys on the numeric keypad as the arrow keys on the numeric keypad. Use sentence capitalization to refer to a specific arrow key: the Left arrow key, the Right arrow key, the Up arrow key, or the Down arrow key. Definition of keypad. 1: a small set of keys that is part of a larger keyboard or another device (such as a telephone or calculator) The keyboards of costly computers usually have a separate numeric keypad in addition to the usual numerals in the top row of any keyboard.

• Keypad Keys Not Working
• Keypad Key Safe
• What Is A Keypad
• Lg Vx8550 Keypad Keys
• Where To Find Keypad Keys Re2

A telephone keypad is the keypad installed on a push-button telephone or similar telecommunication device for dialing a telephone number. It was standardized when the dual-tone multi-frequency signaling (DTMF) system was developed in the Bell System in the United States in the 1960s that replaced rotary dialing originally developed in electromechanical switching systems.^[1] Because of the installed abundance of rotary dial equipment well into the 1990s, many telephone keypads were also designed to produce loop-disconnect pulses electronically, and some could be optionally switched to produce either DTMF or pulses.

The development of the modern telephone keypad is attributed to research in the 1950s by Richard Deininger under the directorship of John Karlin at the Human Factors Engineering Department of Bell Labs.^[2][3] The contemporary keypad is laid out in a rectangular array of twelve push buttons arranged as four rows and three columns of keys. For military applications, a fourth, right-most column of keys was added for priority signaling in the Autovon system in the 1960s. Initially, between 1963 and 1968, the keypads for civilian subscriber service omitting the lower left and lower right keys that commonly are assigned to the star (✻) and number sign (#) signals, respectively. These keys were added to provide signals for anticipated data entry purposes in business applications, but found use in Custom Calling Services (CLASS) features installed in electronic switching systems.^[4]

Layout[edit]

Keypad Keys Not Working

The layout of the digit keys is different from that commonly appearing on calculators and numeric keypads. This layout was chosen after extensive human factors testing at Bell Labs.^[3][5] At the time (late 1950s), mechanical calculators were not widespread, and few people had experience with them.^[6] Indeed, calculators were only just starting to settle on a common layout; a 1955 paper states 'Of the several calculating devices we have been able to look at... Two other calculators have keysets resembling [the layout that would become the most common layout].... Most other calculators have their keys reading upward in vertical rows of ten,'^[5] while a 1960 paper, just five years later, refers to today's common calculator layout as 'the arrangement frequently found in ten-key adding machines'.^[3] In any case, Bell Labs testing found that the telephone layout with 1, 2, and 3 in the top row, was slightly faster than the calculator layout with them in the bottom row.

The key labeled ✻ was officially named the 'star' key. The original design used a symbol with six points, but an asterisk (*) with five points commonly appears in printing.^{[citation needed]} The key labeled # is officially called the 'number sign' key, but other names such as 'pound', 'hash', 'hex', 'octothorpe', 'gate', 'lattice', and 'square', are common, depending on national or personal preference. The Greek symbols alpha and omega had been planned originally.^[7]

Keypad Key Safe

These can be used for special functions. For example, in the UK, users can order a 7:30am alarm call from a BTtelephone exchange by dialing: *55*0730#.^[8]

Most of the keys also bear letters according to the following system:

These letters have been used for multiple purposes. Originally, they referred to the leading letters of telephone exchange names. In the mid-20th century United States, before the switch to All-Number Calling, telephone numbers had seven digits including a two-digit prefix which was expressed in letters rather than digits, e.g.; KL5-5445. The UK telephone numbering system used a similar two-letter code after the initial zero to form the first part of the subscriber trunk dialling code for a region. For example, Aylesbury was assigned 0AY6, which translated into 0296.

The letters have also been used, mainly in the United States, as a technique for remembering telephone numbers easily. For example, an interior decorator might license the telephone number 1-800-724-6837, but advertise it as the more memorable phoneword 1-800-PAINTER. Sometimes businesses advertise a number with a mnemonic word having more letters than there are digits in the phone number. Usually, this means that the caller just stops dialing at 7 digits after the area code or that the extra digits are ignored by the central office.

What Is A Keypad

In feature phones the letters on the keys are used for text entry tasks such as text messaging, entering names in the phone book, and browsing the web. To compensate for the smaller number of keys, phones used multi-tap and later predictive text processing to speed up the process. Touch-screen phones have made this method obsolete, as they can simulate as many buttons as necessary for full text entry.

Key tones[edit]

Pressing a single key of a traditional analog telephone keypad produces a telephony signaling event to the remote switching system. For touchtone service, the signal is a dual-tone multi-frequency signaling tone consisting of two simultaneous pure tonesinusoidal frequencies. The row in which the key appears determines the low-frequency component, and the column determines the high-frequency component. For example, pressing key 1 results in a signal composed of tones with frequencies 697 hertz (Hz) and 1209 Hz.

Lg Vx8550 Keypad Keys

Letter mapping[edit]

In the course of telephone history, the positions of telephone dials, as well as keypads have been associated with various patterns of mapping letters and characters to numbers (keyboard layout).

The system used in Denmark^{[failed verification]} was different from that used in the U.K., which was different from the U.S. and Australia.^[9] The use of alphanumeric codes for exchanges was abandoned in Europe when international direct dialing was introduced in the 1960s, because, for example, dialing VIC 8900 on a Danish telephone would result in a different number to dialling it on a British telephone. At the same time letters were no longer placed on the dials of new telephones.

Letters did not re-appear on phones in Europe until the introduction of mobile phones, and the layout followed the new international standard ITU E.161/ISO 9995-8. The ITU established an international standard (ITU E.161) in the mid-1990s, and that should be the layout used for any new devices.^[10] There is a standard, ETSI ES 202 130, that covers European languages and other languages used in Europe, published by the independent ETSI organisation in 2003^[11] and updated in 2007.^[12] Work describing some principles of the standard is available.^[13]

Since many newer smartphones, such as the Palm Treo and BlackBerry, have full alphanumeric keyboards instead of the traditional telephone keypads, the user must execute additional steps to dial a number containing convenience letters. On certain BlackBerry devices, a user can press the Alt key, followed by the desired letter, and the device will generate the appropriate DTMF tone.^[14]

See also[edit]

Where To Find Keypad Keys Re2

References[edit]

1. ^Agogino, Alice (November 18, 2009). 'Engineering Education 'Today in History' Blog: Bell Telephone introduces push button telephone'. Engineering Pathway. Archived from the original on January 27, 2013.
2. ^B.L. Hanson, A Brief History of Applied Behavioral Science at Bell Laboratories, Bell System Technical Journal 62(6) 1571–1590 (July–August 1983), p.1578
3. ^ ^abcDeininger, R. L. (1960-02-16). 'Human Factors Engineering Studies of the Design and Use of Pushbutton Telephone Sets'. Bell System Technical Journal. 39 (4): 995–1012. doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1960.tb04447.x.
4. ^D.P. Worrall, New Custom Calling Services, Bell System Technical Journal 61(5) 821–839 (May–June 1982)
5. ^ ^abLutz, Mary Champion; Chapanis, Alphonse (October 1955). 'Expected Locations of Digits and Letters on Ten-Button Keysets'. Journal of Applied Psychology. 39 (5): 314–317. doi:10.1037/h0048722.
6. ^Brady Haran (producer), Sarah Wiseman (interviewee) (2013-08-29). Phone Numbers - Numberphile. Retrieved 2016-05-11.
7. ^Koten, John F., ' *# ', WSJ.Money Magazine, Issue 5, p. 22 (Spring 2014). The star and number sign were likely first suggested by John A. 'Jack' Koten (1929-2014), a corporate communications specialist with Bell Labs in Chicago, reasoning that the new keys would be easier to explain to a public already familiar with typewriter symbols.
8. ^http://btbusiness.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/7698/~/reminder-call-instructions
9. ^Phone Key PadsArchived 2015-03-15 at the Wayback Machine
10. ^E.161 : Arrangement of digits, letters and symbols on telephones and other devices that can be used for gaining access to a telephone network
11. ^ETSI (2003-10-29), ETSI ES 202 130 Ver. 1.1.1: Human Factors (HF); User Interfaces; Character repertoires, ordering rules and assignments to the 12-key telephone keypad, ETSI, retrieved 2011-11-03
12. ^ETSI (2007-09-06), ETSI ES 202 130 Ver. 2.1.2: Human Factors (HF); User Interfaces; Character repertoires, orderings and assignments to the 12-key telephone keypad (for European languages and other languages used in Europe), ETSI
13. ^Böcker, Martin; von Niman, Bruno; Larsson, Karl Ivar (2006-09-01), 'Increasing text-entry usability in mobile devices for languages used in Europe', Interactions, 13 (5): 30, CiteSeerX10.1.1.125.7511, doi:10.1145/1151314.1151336, ISSN1072-5520, S2CID20736144
14. ^Blackberry Tips, PC World, October 2005.

Unless you own a high-end keyboard or a custom mechanical keyboard, chances are you might not be able to configure your current keyboard’s layout to your liking. Of course, for the most part, we imagine that many people are already satisfied with the way their keyboard has been laid out.

However, if you think that certain keys would be better placed elsewhere, or if you want to disable certain keys, you can actually do that. Unfortunately, there is no native way to remap or reassign keys in Windows, but our guide below will show you several different apps that might be worth checking out if you want to remap your keyboard or reassign several keys.

SharpKeys (Download)

One of the popular options when it comes to remapping your keyboard or reassigning keys is SharpKeys. The application itself is pretty simple and straightforward to use, where you can select keys and functions from a list that you want to remap. For example, if you want to launch an application like the calculator using a key, you select it from the list, assign the key, and you’re good to go.

Also, another thing to take note is that it will write to your computer’s registry, so if you’re not familiar or comfortable with that, you might want to seek out an alternative.

Keytweak (Download)

While SharpKeys is already pretty easy to use, Keytweak makes it even simpler by providing users with a virtual keyboard in which they can click on the key and then choose what they want to assign it to. There are several modes that users can choose from, such as a Full Teach Mode where you click the button and press the key and it will reassign it for you.

For example, some users might not have a need for a Caps Lock key, so they might want to reassign it to something else, such as Ctrl or Alt.

MapKeyboard (Download)

Similar to Keytweak, MapKeyboard is also another key remapper/key reassigner that comes with a very clean and simple interface to work with. It shows you a virtual keyboard on your screen, and all you need to do is click on the virtual keys, assign them to whatever else you want, and you’re good to go.

The UI will also highlight keys in green to indicate that they have been edited, and once you’re done editing, you’ll need to logoff your computer and relogin and you will be all set and the changes will take effect.

AutoHotKey (Download)

The software we listed above does a very good job of remapping or reassigning keys. However, if you need something a bit more complex and powerful, that’s where AutoHotKeys comes in handy. This is because with AutoHotKeys, with a little bit of time and learning, you can create scripts to run more complex actions.

For example, you can create macros with AutoHotKeys where with by pressing certain keys or shortcuts, you can type certain lines of text, run programs, batch files, and so on. You can even make shortcuts even shorter, where instead of pressing three keys, you can reduce it to two, and so on.

However, like we said, AutoHotKeys is a bit more complex and you will need to learn how to script it, but it can be a very powerful tool once you get the basics down.

Filed in . Read more about Keyboards, Microsoft, Windows and Windows 10.